Main biomass properties
|
|
Proximate analysis
|
| |
Moisture content |
wt%
|
12.70 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Ash content |
wt%
|
13.27 |
15.20 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Volatile matter |
wt%
|
54.91 |
62.90 |
74.17 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Fixed carbon |
wt%
|
19.12 |
21.90 |
25.83 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Ultimate analysis (macroelements)
|
| |
Carbon |
wt%
|
38.12 |
43.66 |
51.49 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Hydrogen |
wt%
|
3.65 |
4.18 |
4.93 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Oxygen |
wt%
|
29.25 |
33.51 |
39.52 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
| |
Nitrogen |
wt%
|
2.16 |
2.47 |
2.91 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Sulphur |
wt%
|
0.42 |
0.48 |
0.57 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Total (with halides) |
wt%
|
100.00 |
100.00 |
100.00 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Halides
|
| |
Chlorine (Cl) |
mg/kg
|
4 365.0 |
5 000.0 |
5 896.2 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
|
Heating value
|
| |
Net calorific value (LHV) |
MJ/kg
|
14.47 |
16.93 |
19.96 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Gross calorific value (HHV) |
MJ/kg
|
15.57 |
17.84 |
21.04 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
HHVMilne |
MJ/kg
|
13.91 |
15.93 |
18.79 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Trace elements composition
|
| |
Aluminium (Al) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
770.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Arsenic (As) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
|
|
2.0 |
|
|
|
|
| |
Boron (B) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
37.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Barium (Ba) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
20.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Calcium (Ca) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
8 300.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Cadmium (Cd) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
0.1 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Cobalt (Co) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
0.7 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Chromium (Cr) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
8.8 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Copper (Cu) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
100.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Iron (Fe) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
1 500.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Potassium (K) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
14 600.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Magnesium (Mg) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
4 300.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Manganese (Mn) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
150.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Molybdenium (Mo) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
2.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Sodium (Na) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
2 100.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Nickel (Ni) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
5.9 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Phosphorus (P) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
6 100.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Lead (Pb) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
|
|
6.0 |
|
|
|
|
| |
Antimony (Sb) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
|
|
| |
Selenium (Se) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
|
|
| |
Silicon (Si) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
6 300.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Tin (Sn) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
|
|
| |
Strontium (Sr) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
29.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Titanium (Ti) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
51.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Vanadium (V) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
2.5 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Zinc (Zn) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
300.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|